Microplastics are tiny fragments of plastic less than 5mm in size that are found in many of the everyday items we use. From takeout containers, credit cards and even items in our wardrobes, these particles can be found everywhere.  

Recently, research has shown that microplastics can be found in unexpected places like the human brain, breast milk and even throughout the testicles and semen. While scientists are still collecting information on how this occurs, the particles have been linked to health problems such as cancer and reproductive system issues.  

Microplastics in the environment often break down into even smaller nano particles, which can be ingested by wildlife (especially in the ocean). These particles can also make their way into our water systems and eventually end up in our bodies.   

While reading this may feel overwhelming, there is good news. A recent peer-reviewed study suggests that antioxidants found in certain vegetables and fruits could help counteract some of the harmful reproductive system effects of microplastic exposure. This offers hope for developing treatments for microplastic-related health issues in the future.   

There are also simple, practical steps we can take in our homes to minimise our exposure to microplastics. Many everyday fabrics contain synthetic materials that shed microplastics. Here’s how you can make better choices when it comes to your clothes:   

• Check the labels: Avoid garments made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyamide (nylon) plastics as these synthetic fibres shed microplastics every time you wash them. Research any unknown textile names you come across as there’s a chance they may also contain plastic.   

• Opt for natural fabrics: Choose clothes made from natural fibres like cotton, wool, linen and silk and opt for secondhand items to ensure that the natural resources used in their creation don’t go to waste.    

• Be cautious with sequins and beads: Sequins made from PET or other plastics can break down into microplastics. Ensure you care for sequinned or beaded clothes and touch them up to prevent bits from falling off. 

• Choose natural buttons: Look for buttons made from corozo nut, wood, or metal. 

• Avoid faux fur or leather: For faux leather, consider plant-based or plastic-free alternatives like Mirum and TomTex (made from waste seafood shells). While faux fur may seem like a good alternative to real fur, it often contains plastic fibres that can shed microplastics.

Kitchens are another area where plastics often lurk. Here are some simple swaps to reduce your plastic use in the kitchen:   

• Switch to loose-leaf tea: Instant tea bags often contain a type of plastic that can break down in our beverage. Opt for loose-leaf tea with a stainless-steel filter or strainer instead. 

• Choose wooden cutting boards: Plastic cutting boards can contribute to microplastic contamination in your food, making wooden boards a better option. 

• Replace plastic wraps with beeswax wraps: Beeswax wraps are a reusable and eco-friendly alternative to cling film, helping to reduce plastic waste in your kitchen.   

• Glass containers over plastic: Research has shown that plastic containers can leach harmful chemicals into food, especially when heated. Glass containers and lids are a safer option. Used pasta sauce jars also make great reusable containers.  

• Use wooden or silicone utensils: Plastic spatulas and kitchen tools break down over time, releasing microplastics with each use. Switch to wooden or silicone utensils to avoid this. 

• Switch to natural sponges: Conventional sponges are made from synthetic materials like polyester and plastic, which break down into microplastics. Opt for plant-based, compostable sponges made from cellulose, bamboo or coconut fibres. These are often biodegradable and gentler on the environment. 

• Avoid freezing in plastic containers: Freezing food in plastic containers can cause the plastic to become brittle, releasing microplastics into your food. Try using glass or metal containers for freezing and switch to metal ice cube trays instead of plastic ones. 

• Choose stainless steel for kids’ dishes: Many kids’ plates, cups, and utensils are made from plastic. When possible, choose stainless steel or non-plastic alternatives to reduce their exposure to microplastics.   

• Buy in bulk: Purchasing products in bulk helps to reduce single-use plastic packaging. Look for stores that offer refillable options to reduce waste. Choose glass jars or metal containers instead for items like peanut butter, milk and spices, which are often available in plastic-free packaging.